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Thursday, February 28, 2019

Leading Change Strategically Essay

AbstractWhereas re view does not cause renovation, all improvements get hold of modification. The ability to develop, test, and implement ex convinces are important for any specific, group, or boldness that wants to continually enhance. There are many kinds of substitutes that will result in renovation, entirely these particular budges develop from a limited number of intensify principles. A change idea is a basic notion or approach to alter that, which has been arrange to be useful in developing specific ideas for changes that result in renovation. John Kotter notes an eight-step process to change. This narrative provides an in-depth freshen of Charlotte Beers and how she gained trust of those at Ogilvy and Mather Worldwide enchantment chief operating officer, and leveraged that trust to turn inbred and external schemeal gainsays. Employing Kotters eight-steps when fostering change, this narrative closely reviews the concepts and how Beers employ the steps to develop change at heart the sixth largest advertizement role in the world.Charlotte Beers At Ogilvy and Mather WorldwideSense of UrgencyBeers was appointed CEO of Ogilvy and Mather (Ogilvy and Mather) Worldwide in April 1992 to turn around the embattled advertising sureness (Levin, 1992, p. 2). Ogilvy and Mather was losing market share and the internal loss leadershiphip was doing more in fleck than moving the geological formation in becoming the number one advertising agency. Hiring Beers was key in getting the organization on the amend track, supplement several of Kotters change steps in doing so. Coined as person who is exterior to the organization, Beers was an anomaly as she chosen as a leader who was appointed from removed, that, which was not typical. Most senior leaders within Ogilvy and Mather were promoted from within. afterward losing major campaigns from Unilever and Shell Oil Company, certain change was imminent, but unsuspecting in how to embrace (Levins, 1992, p. 7).Additional campaign losses affected the hot York office and carry oned this failure to the close senior person within the organization. A major shake-up took place in 1999, when CEO, Phillips stepped down as the senior leader, and for the first clock in history and person outside the company was appointed. With a strong history preceding her, Beers prior successes piece COO of Tatham-Lair & Kuder, provided expertise postulate for Ogilvy and Mather.To be successful, Beers would have to inject a sense of urgency (Kotter, 2002) by outlying the view of the organization. Beer knew that change would be easier if people at Ogilvy and Mather desired the change and motivated in qualification it happen. Beers needed to leverage effective communication and build a directive coalition who could help move that imagery to the forefront. Beers was responsible for infusing her sight, while all the same conducting her managerial and strategic tasks for moving the organization forwar d. Beers would have to build a new organization structure, which managing politics and keeping eyes on Ogilvy and Mathers mission and vision. Strategic in her approach, Beers needed to bring into line the organization with Ogilvy and Mathers vision. Kotter emphasis, possessing a sense of urgency is the first step when implementing change (Kotter, 1992). Getting her pass along to all internal Ogilvy and Mather stakeholders, Beers wanted one single, drop off message that introduced expectations while soliciting help and in gaining buy-in from staff and other organisational leaders.Her first effort was using multimedia to creating a clear message that she needed there help, while still shaping Ogilvy and Mathers future. Beers candor and openness was heart-felt by the masses. Beers needed to form a apt guiding coalition and delegate the authority to them to work across the organization (Kotter, 1992). Once Beers applied these first steps successfully, she could direct her focus on th e third step of the model in developing a change vision and strategy. Organizations more or lesstimes rush through this step too quickly. When through with(p) correctly, however, it requires time to get a change vision and strategy right (Kotter, 2002).Guiding CoalitionBeers established herself as a leader, and made time to meet with each senior executive to hear concerns and how they thought roughly the impendingchanges. She selected her guiding coalition based on those ready for the challenge (Ibarra, 2011). She selected her essential senior leadership team by meeting with them one-on-one to assess their allegiance to Ogilvy and Mather, and ultimately to her. Ensuring that her team reflected the entire organization, composed of delicious and management-focused talent.Convincing Ogilvy and Mathers key people was crucial in creating Beers coalition, built upon the urgency and momentum (Phillips, 2012, p. 496). Ogilvy and Mathers old ways of doing things was declarative mood of habitual behaviors. These habits were regular stable patterns of even sos that became routine and would take time to change for the failing advert giant. Beer knew organizational change involved both pass judgment and unanticipated changes in Ogilvy and Mathers power and influence structure. While some of the leaders may find their influence or power increased, and others found theirs decreased as a result of Beers changes. Bee dealt with misunderstandings as a result of communication barriers, permeated lack of accountability during the prior leaderships tenure.Getting the Vision RightBeers took the proper steps to hearing her stakeholders concerns while providing a listening ear. These discussion forums provided Beers with information that would help in getting the vision right. Beers did not follow the standard old way of doing things, but chartered new lines of communication. She provided the financial community with analysis that was very variant from her predecessors. Beer s indicated to investors where Ogilvy and Mather could become the advertising agency of choice as they once were. She reenforce her mantra by painting a clear picture to investors of Ogilvy and Mathers starring(p) work.Painting a clear vision to the masses was important to Beers, even though she was still working it out. She magical spelled to the emotional side of employees and leaders, which established gene linkage and accountability. Beers needed to get the team to establish a simple vision and strategy. She focused on the emotional and creative aspects necessary to drive servicing and efficiency (Kotter International, 2013). This step meant removing Ogilvy andMathers old things as they were. For Beers to get the vision right, she needed to deem what were Ogilvy and Mathers values, and why they were essential to the change when execution the vision.Communicate for Buy-inStakeholder meetings across the United States were difficult for Beers, especially the one in Vienna. The re were personality clashes, and each meeting seemed to nearly end the vision before gaining traction. Beers tenacity and relentlessness forged the vision Ogilvy and Mather needed to repair the damaged caused by a stalemate of change. Establishing Beers vision was difficult as each meeting concluded. Ogilvy desired to be the advert agency of choice by all of the Fortuned 500 firms.Beers addressed her leaders by getting to know them and painting a picture that would appeal to their concerns. Daniel Goleman notes six varying leadership styles, when applied to organization structures include visionary, learn leader, affiliate, democratic, pace-setting ad commanding (Primal Leadership, 2004). Beers adopted only three of these styles democratic, autocratic, and coercive. With the most direct approach, Beers often used coercive leadership, which amounts to whatever the boss asks they receive. While her authoritative approach affords autonomy when propelling individuals toward collectiv e goals. Beers knew she had to tread lightly with this style, as Ogilvy and Mather had not yet stabilized from chaos.Beers knew she had to get united with the nay-says that was giving the changes, the most push back. While in a meeting in Westchester, tender York, Beers leverage the audience to gain consensus on Ogilvy and Mathers mission and vision. Although she was hesitating in having this meeting, she agreed to have another meeting with a big audience. Utilizing varying leadership styles, provided Beers with trust during a different time of change for Ogilvy and Mather. Her ability to navigate during such a challenging time provided Beers with the credibility needed to galvanize the organization.ReferencesAdvertising Age. (n.d.). Advertising Age AdAge encyclopedia RSS. Retrieved November 3, 2013, fromhttp//adage.com/article/adage-encyclopedia/tatham-laird/98897/ Can Charlotte Beers revive O&M? Frustrated Sorrell seen as force behind agency shuffle. Daniel Goleman, Richard Bo yatzis and Annie McKee, Primal Leadership, HBS Press, 2004 Advertising Age, Retrieved from Ogilvy and Mather.lexisnexis.com/hottopics/lnacademic. Kotter, J., & Cohen, D., (2002). The heart of change real-life stories of how people change their organizations. Boston Harvard Business School. Kotter, J. & Rathgeber, Ogilvy and Mather. (2005). Our iceberg is melting. New York St. Martins Press. Ibarra, Ogilvy and Mather., & Sackley, N. (2011, September 21). Books, Cases, Articles, Audio, and More . Charlotte Beers at Ogilvy & Mather Worldwide (B). Retrieved November 3, 2013, from http//hbr.org/product/charlotte-beers-at-ogilvy-mather-worldwide-b/an/495032-PDF-ENG Kotter, J. (n.d.). Step 1 Kotter International The 8 Step Process Step 1. Kotter International forward-looking Strategy Implementation Professionals. Retrieved October 19, 2013, from http// Ogilvy and Mather.kotterinternational.com/our-principles/changesteps/step-1 Phillips, J., & Gully, S. M. (2012). Organizational behavio r tools for success. Mason, OH South-Western Cengage Learning.

Mumbai Slums Essay

An earthquake occurs when there is a sudden tucker of energy in the Earths crust that causes seismic waves. Earthquakes argon typically caused by opening of geological faults. They are however similarly caused by volcanic activity, landslides, mine blasts, and nuclear experiments. The effects of earthquakes are many a(prenominal) and far reaching. Earthquakes cause shaking and ground ruptures which resolvent in slight or sometimes more severe damage to buildings or opposite rigid structures.Earthquakes also results in landslides and avalanches, which sometimes causes damage in hilly and mountain areas. After an earthquake, the place can catch fire by breaking of the electrical power or gas lines. Because of the shaking, sometimes the brand liquefies, the loose saturated cohesion less soil loses its strength and temporarily transforms from a solid to a liquid read. Soil liquefaction causes firm structures wish well buildings and bridges to slant or sink into a liquefied sta te.Earthquakes result in loss of life, damage to property, fatal diseases, lack of basic necessities and it affects the fiscal and economical structure of the country. Some safety measures are used so that the government, individual and businesses can prepare themselves against this calamity. To reduce the damage, retrofitting techniques and modern earthquake disgusting designs of new buildings and lifeline structures like bridges, hospitals and power plants are used in earthquake prone areas.The emergency services under the local and state government ensure that the public is safe by dealing with the crisis. Individuals and businesses are encouraged by governments to have an earthquake kit and supplies for three long time at hand. As a result of an increase of the number of seismic stations today, the earthquakes are reported more than in the past, which help in the preparation process. Slums in Mumbai Slums always existed in Mumbai. In 19th century, slums grew close to mills an d other places of employment.Now they grow where ever there is desert space. Slum dwellers today cover 60% of Mumbais nation. The government try to rectify the problem in 1985 by passing the Slum Upgradation Project. regrettable the project tar flummoxed only 10-12% of the slum community, those who were able to of upgrade their homes. It ignored inhabitants in slums, those who did not have homes at all. In spite of all the attempts to retrieve the problem of slums in Mumbai, slums are still growing. The growth rate of slums is really greater than the growth rate of general urban.It is estimated that everyday 100 to ccc new families come to Mumbai. Most of them end up in a slum colony or just put up a shanty on the on the footpath. Due to migration, the citys population is increasing and with it the slums. These facts show that migration has to stop to cure the problem of slums. According to professor RN Sharma, (the head of the Urban Studies Unit in Tata Institute of friendl y Sciences), Mumbai, the city is unquestionably disintegrating into slums.A Jockin of SPARC, (the NGO that works for slums) utter that the replacement process is the only solution to the problem of slums in Mumbai. He said This talk about Mumbai having predominantly slums is rubbish. Already 67 per cent of slums on railway land have been re-settled. The airport project and the rehabilitation confining Mithi River is also happening at a good pace. These figures of slum population rising is not true. Former housing minister nabob Mallik also agreed that rehabilitation is a best way to get rid of slums. References Earthquake.(2007, November 4). Retrieved November 5, 2007 from World blanket(a) Web http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Earthquake Juneja, Saakshi. (2006, January 9). Mumbai Slums. Retrieved November 5, 2007 from the World Wide Web http//mumbai. metblogs. com/archives/2006/01/mumbai_slums. phypertext markup language Slums. Retrieved November 5, 2007 from the World Wide Web htt p//www. macalester. edu/courses/GEOG61/espencer/slums. html Slums The order of the Problem. Retrieved November 5, 2007 from World Wide Web http//theory. tifr. res. in/bombay/amenities/housing/slum-stats. html

Wednesday, February 27, 2019

Learning experience paper acrophobia Essay

Have you ever been on backsheesh of a large building and were too afraid to manner alone over the side? Have you ever climbed a really tall guide and were too afraid to climb down? I pull in, when I was junior I climbed a really tall tree and when I got to the crownwork I looked down, I was too afraid to climb back down. What I was experiencing was a awe of highschool know as acrophobia. Acrophobia (n.d.) according to Merriam-Webster Dictionary, is an unnatural dread of being in a highschool place forethought of heights. I believe that most raft become a smaller sc ard when it comes to heights. There is nothing wrong with having acrophobia to an extent. It is a defense instrument our bodies use to stop us from walking off cliffs. The problem is when a natural instinct becomes paranoia. For example, someone who has acrophobia would be scared, nervous, and or panic at bottom a safe environment like a skyscraper. SymptomsThere are many symptoms of the venerate of heigh ts (acrophobia) that may occur when up on a tall building or high place. Many flock with acrophobia can become dizzy, excessive sweating, nausea, sick to their stomachs, shaking, dry m bulgeh, and unable to speak. virtuoso of the main symptoms of acrophobia is fear of dying. Some of these symptoms can and so turn into a full blown disquiet attack. Discomfort anxiety tends to be special(prenominal) to certain uncomfortable or dangerous situations- and consequently shows up in such phobias as fear of heights (Ellis, 2003, p.83). It is alone believed that between 2 and 5 percent of the worlds population real suffers from acrophobia, and that in two bureaus as many woman are affected by acrophobia then men. A common misconception with the fear of heights is community calling it vertigo. giddiness happens to people when they are on a tall building and look down from the top. Vertigo is a sensation that causes a person to looking likethey are spinning even though they are not. So even though vertigo occurs to a lot of people when they high in the air, it does not mean they are afraid of heights. Some CausesWhat causes people to become afraid of heights? Some psychologist believe that the fear of heights enters your life from something that happened in your past. Psychologist believe that it is caused by some emotional trauma that has to do with heights. For example a person who is suffering from acrophobia may have fallen out of a tall tree when they were little. It is also believed that this full term can be triggered by trauma seen in a movie, television, or a real life event involving an early(a) person that has to do with heights.Research and StudiesThere has been some research done on the fear of heights. Psychologists by the name of Gibson and Walk did an experiment in 1960 called Visual drib. The Visual Cliff experiment was an experiment to see if babies who were still crawl would cross a thick piece of glass that covered a steep drop off. They then put the m different on the other side of the drop off to call the baby over to the other side. Even with the mother calling the crawling babies to come to them, the babies still did not cross over the glass. This experiment shows that most humans if not all humans have acrophobia at least partially ingrained in our genetics. I believe this is part of our survival instincts. The CureMany people who are suffering from acrophobia are often prescribed medications to help them out with their fear of heights. Medications will not actually cure someone of their fears it only masks them. In some cases the side effects of the drugs may be worse than a fear of heights. One of the best treatments for acrophobia is cognitive behavior therapy. cognitive behavior therapy involves exposing a person to heights and helping them develop lintel skills that will help them increase their confidence and change their thought demonstrate towards heights. How I would go about my fear of heights is b y actually facing my fears. I would commence baby steps when facing this fear. I would find a tall building, I would go to the top of it,and I would then would walk as close to the edge as I could before the fear overcomes me. I would then mark that spot on the ground, I would then come back the next twenty-four hours and take 1 step closer. I would keep that up each day until I get to the edge, and each day I would tell myself to verify my body and building there is nothing to be afraid of. I believe this would be the best approach for me to overcome my fear of heights. decisionSuffering from acrophobia can be something that is hard for a person to get across with. I do believe that we all have a fear of heights, it may be very minute besides I do believe we all have it. I think the only way to cure a phobia or fear is to face them. I personally know facing fears is very hard to do but once I overcome the fear it was an incredible feeling.ReferencesEllis, A. (2003). Discomfor t anxiety A new cognitive-behavioral construct (part I). Journal of Rational Emotive & cognitive Behavior Therapy, 21(3-4), 183. Retrieved from http//search.proquest.com/docview/220282433?accountid=458 Acrophobia. In Merriam-Webster Dictionary online. Retrieved from http//www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/acrophobia

English Assignment Essay

almighty characters have the ability to persuade and change their peers and their use of values and attitudes. harpist Lees novel To kill a Mockingbird is a classic text which foregrounds the prejudice, in the form of social commentary. The novel engages the readers visual sense using an episodic structure. The story is narrated through and through the eyes of a adult up Scout, representing Harper Lee herself. A nonher similar story A time to kill by John Grisham defence of a inkiness by vacuous lawyer. In this story, the lightlessness, Carl Lee Hailey is accused of the wholeeged injure of deuce-white men who raped his ten year old daughter. These two novels garnish how the rights of Negroes are ignored.Body1. Atticus Finch is a lawyer in Maycomb which is a small, narrow-minded town with an unusual disease (95). A prejudice disease. He displays tolerance, understanding of another persons point of view and beingness able to stand in another person shoes. He stands up for wha t is right and takes the case even though hell lose and believes in individual sense of right and wrong, the essence of a persons conscience (114). A symbol of tenableness and justice. * He uses muscular words to move the panel to be unprejudiced and fair by speaking of equality and how the paradoxical man is the equal of an Einstein and an ignorant man is the equal of some(prenominal) college president. Powerful conclusion to speech I am confident that you gentlemen provide review without passion the evidence you have heard do your calling (224) although he failed in Toms case because he lived in the real world. A world of prejudice.2. Wanda Womack, one of the jurors deciding the results of the case, convinces the other jurors with her powerful oral communications. She appeals to the other jurors with the sense of honesty and ask them to be honest with yourself (504). end-to-end her influential speech, she uses persuasive technique by getting them to envisage the locating in reverse, pretend that the little girl had blond hair and grim eyes, that the two rapists were black. and told them to imagine that the little girl belonged to them their daughters (513). Because of this courageous white woman, the jury voted that jury finds the checkant not guilty by reason of insanity (508).3. Atticus beliefs represented by Harper Lee through the character of Atticus. In his speech, he talks about the evil presumption that all Negroes lie, that all Negroes are basically immoral beings that all Negro men are not to be trusted around our women (223). He does not believe it because it applies to white people as well. Atticus believes that all men are created equal (224) but that it is ugly facts of life (240) that in our courts, when its a white mans world against a black mans, the white man always wins (240). He believes in his moral responsibility.4. Wanda asks the other jury to search your heart and take a long look at your soul (503) & (504)5. Did the cha racters change their peers attitudes? Atticus did not change their peers, even though he used the power of the language and use of values and attitudes. Atticus used every tool purchasable to free men to save Tom Robinson. Tom was a stone-dead man the minute Mayella Ewell opened her mouth and screamed. However, in the other hand, Wanda changed their peers. She asked the Jurors to hurl themselves in Carl Lees shoes. She used the language to promote empathy. final result2 novels explored the issue of racial prejudice and justice through the trials of two black men. Through the persuasive language of 2 characters, they prick the conscience of people who are riddled with prejudice and hypocrisy. Atticus and Wanda struggled for justice date they struggle for justice, they displayed values and belief. Regardless of the outcome, they both powerfully presented their case to defend the two defendants.

Tuesday, February 26, 2019

Happiness in Marriage Essay

What changes did Sanger describe in marital relations in recent generations? Marriage was synonymous with maternity. But the pain, the suffering, the ruin lives of women and children that such a system caused, show us that it did not belong successfully. Like all other professions, motherhood must serve its occlusion of apprenticeship. What changes did Sanger hope would come about if unplanned pregnancies tranquillise blow over in the United States? Sanger hoped if unplanned pregnancy could be prevented it would allow the husband and wife to become more stable before planning a stopping point of having a child.That in the end it would help them to support and afford becoming care for the child. Do debates concerning birth control and unplanned pregnancies still occur in the U. S.? Yes debates still occur in the United States some churches still dont recognize birth control and dont allowed abortion. Are Sangers points still relevant and explain your decision? I would say yes, its still relevant because of high number of childly adults having unplanned pregnancy without k straightawayledge of the future and the risk of having a unhatched child at a young age.How do Sangers views on marriage apply to todays definition of marriage ( angiotensin converting enzyme parents, resembling sex parenting, and blended families). Sanger s definition apply to a content relationship between husband and wife, but for today society we construct different types of parents some are in same sex, divorce and single parent who are just happy to have a children and do the responsibility of the parent even if the child is theirs or not, but for me I will not include the OctoMom Nadya Suleman on the single parenting because she cannot support those kids and now that its the tax payers money is suffering from her defective doing.

International Baccalaureate Internal Assessment Essay

The European thrill has obligate provisional anti-dumping duties on imports of ceramic tiles from mainland China.The move comes following an investigation initiated by and by a complaint lodged by the European Ceramic Tile Manufacturers confederacy (CET) on behalf of 69 tile makers in the EU, the focus said.The duties range in the midst of 26.2% and 73% depending on the company and last for six months. They could be protracted for five years and are think to punish tile manufacturers from China who sell tiles below constitute-price in the EU.Alfonso Panzani, the president of the CET, said that the duties were not intended to exclude Chinese products from the EU foodstuff but to bring Chinese prices to a fair level, making it possible for ceramic tile output signal to continue in Europe, and creating the conditions for healthy rival to develop.He added in that location is no reason why we should be less competitive in Europe than when we export outside of the EU.The provi sional duties apply to glazed and glassless ceramic flags and paving, hearth or w all tiles and unglazed ceramic photomosaic cubes.(c) 2011 European Voice. All rights reserved.According to the provided article, the European charge (an executive assort of the European Union) has recently resorted to the implementation of a harborive duty of up to 73% on Chinese ceramic products in order to protect the European market from Chinese dumping techniques (Protective tariff a tariff designed to shield domesticated producers of a good or improvement from the competition of foreign producers.1 Dumping the sale of products below cost in a foreign country,1 often done to do a monopoly over that product in a particular country). veneering pressure from the European Ceramic Tile Manufacturers Federation (CET), an organization representing legion(predicate) European tile firms who suffer from cheap competition with Chinese firms, the Commission imposed these duties to drive up the cost o f imports and stimulate profit for domestic producers (Competition the presence in a market of independent buyers and sellers competing with one another.1 Imports spending be individuals, firms, and administrations for goods and services produced in foreign res publicas.1 pull ahead the amount of money a business earns after paying all expenses.)The conflicting economical values of free trade and protectionism are dispute in this situation as to which forces are allowed to control a nations economy the government and domestic producers or the global market and consumer welfare (Free trade the absence of artificial barriers to trade among individuals and firms in divergent nations.1 Consumer welfare individual consumer satisfaction depending on prices and income.) Since domestic ceramic suppliers are threatened with economic ruin from such cheap products, the Commission turned to protectionism to force a more equal domestic competition and punish dumping companies through a tariff despite the consequences of high prices (Protectionism policies that aim at restricting the flow of imports into a country.2).The anatomy and economic effects of a tariff kindle be demonstrated in Figure 13 where the perfectly elastic world supply (Sworld) has increase in price (to P2) due to the tariff (Sworld + tariff) and, thus, perplex reduced the sum of Chinese imports from the difference between Q1 and Q2 to that of Q3 and Q4. The benefits of a tariff not exclusively include a reduction in imported ceramic, but excessively gains in producer bare(a) and tax revenues earned by the government (Producer surplus the difference between the minimum price a producer is willing to accept for their good and the price they actually receive). Due to this tariff, the authorized quantity supplied domestically at Q2 has now increased to Q4 and domestic suppliers can now sell their ceramic at high(prenominal) prices (P2), allotting for an increase in producer surplus ( n ation 1). Since the government collects the fees paid by the tariff, they now have more funding of which they would presumably return to the public.While tariffs may be advantageous for domestic producers and the government, they reap these benefits at a primary privation to the consumer from the higher prices needed to buy ceramics, and Chinese suppliers whose product is less demanded in the European Union. The major disadvantage of a tariff comes from the reduction in consumer surplus where it had originally occupied Areas 1,2,3,4, & 5 and was reduced to only Area 5 because consumers must now buy ceramics at a higher price (P2). Although Areas 1 through 4 represent the total consumer surplus reduction, since Areas 1 and 3 are beneficial to a society, so Areas 2 and 4 represent the net loss to society through higher prices.Therefore, in order to protect the European ceramic producers from being finishedly swept from the market due to the dumping efforts of Chinese ceramic export ers, the Commission is justified in the imposition of an anti-dumping tariff because the societal loss of an entire industry is greater than that of forcing higher domestic prices to the consumer.1 Defined by Economics Principles, Problems, and Policies, 15th edition textbook by Campbell R. McConnell and Stanley L. Brue, publisher McGraw-Hill Irwin.2 Definition derived from 2 Definition from Ziogas, Constantine. Economics for the IB Diploma Standard and high Level, 2008.3 Graph adapted from original at Effects of Tariffs. Linux users Group at WSU. Chart. 04 May 2007. Web. .

Monday, February 25, 2019

African American Characteristics Paper Essay

Afri pot American civilization in the joined States refers to the cultural contri onlyions of Americans of African descent to the socialization of the United States, either as part of or clean-cut from American tillage. The distinct identity of African American refinement is rooted in the historical experience of the African American people. The culture is both distinct and enormously influential to American culture as a whole. black culture is rooted in Africa. It is a blend of chiefly sub-Saharan African and Sahelean cultures.Although thrall greatly restricted the ability of Americans of African descent to drill their cultural traditions, umteen practices, values, and beliefs beard and everywhere time look at modified or blended with European American culture. There are some facets of African American culture that were accentuated by the hard workerry period. The result is a unique and dynamic culture that has had and continues to have a profound shock on mainstream A merican culture, as swell as the culture of the broader world (Rydell, 2010).Learning Team B has chosen African Americans as the culturally diverse sort we pull up stakes focus on. The subjects in this paper will be African American history, family characteristics, parenting practices, words, and religion. Also, the primary quill characteristics of African Americans and how those characteristics impact their experience as a subculture in American Society will be a issuance. The last topic will be the implications of the characteristics for mental theories and practices. History African Americans are the posterity of Africans brought to America during the slavery era.Many were owned as property and laboured to work as sidereal day laborers in the fields or as servants in their owners homes. Others were allowed to work off their debts by universe bough and sold on the layover. An article titled The buckle down auction bridge of 1859 gives a brief account of what it was to be sold on the block The buyers, who were present to the number of about two hundred, clustered around the weapons platform while the Negroes, who were non likely to be immediately treasured, gathered into tragicomical groups in the background to watch the progress of the selling in which they were so sorrowfully interested.The wind howled outside, and through the open side of the building the campaign rain came pouring in the bar down stairs ceased for a short time its brisk trade the buyers lit fresh cigars, got expeditious their catalogues and pencils, and the first lot of human chattels are led upon the stand, not by a white man, only by a sleek mulatto, himself a slave, and who seems to regard the selling of his brethren, in which he so glibly assists, as a capital joke. It had been announced that the Negroes would be sold in families, that is to order a man would not be parted from his wife, or a mother from a very young child.There is perhaps as much policy as humani ty in this arrangement, for thereby umpteen another(prenominal) aged and unserviceable people are disposed of, who otherwise would not find a ready sale (New York Daily Tribune, 1928). remainder chair Abraham capital of Nebraska issued the Emancipation Proclamation on January 1, 1863, as the nation approached its third category of civil war. The proclamation declared that all persons held as slaves within the contumacious states are, and henceforward shall be free. Despite this expansive wording, the Emancipation Proclamation was peculiar(a) in many ways.It applied only to states that had seceded from the summation, leaving slavery untouched in the loyal border states. It too expressly exempted parts of the confederacy that had already come under Northern control. Most important, the freedom it promised depended upon Union military victory. History pages often claim President Lincoln as The Great Emancipator which intimately educated adults come to learn is an over ex aggeration. The general consensus is that Lincoln never freed a single slave, and only apply the proclamation as a means to get what he wanted from the states.Once freed most African Americans still experienced racial military unit and lived in fear for many years. In 1870 the fifteenth amendment was added to the constitution giving blacks the right to vote. Although blacks were free they were still segregated from the white people, made to go to different schools, stores, and even ride at the back of the bus. In 1954 the independent courts declared segregation in school unconstitutional due to the browned vs. The Board of Education of Topeka Kansas. The civil right movement was at its peak during 1955-1965.Congress passed the Civil secures Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965, ensuring base civil rights for all Americans, regardless of race, after nearly a hug drug of nonviolent protests and marches, ranging from the 1955-1956 Montgomery bus boycotts to the student -led sit-ins of the 1960s to the huge March on Washington in 1963. In 1968 President Johnson signed the Civil Right act prohibiting discrimination in the sale, rental, and financing of housing. Some of the most noteworthy leader of the civil right movement includes Martin Luther King Jr. , Thurgood Marshall, genus Rosa Parks and many others.Although civil rights were established many African American still struggled to be treated fairly in America. Affirmative exercise was established in 1978 by a ruling of the Supreme salute to ensure that minorities are given an opportunity that they may have miss because of their race. In 2008 Barack Obama was the first African American to be nominated for a major party nominee for president. He was elected the 44th President of the United States on November 4, 2008, and sworn in on January 20, 2009. Family and Parenting Characteristics As with most cultures, African Americans place a high value on their families.In the United States African American familys leave-up 12. 9 percentage of the population according to the 2003 US Census. The US census also shows that for African Americans over the age of 15 there are 34 percent married, five percent separated, eleven percent divorced, seven percent widowed, and 43 percent were never married. According to the First Things First website, African Americans are the most un-partnered group in America (Medium, 2011, para. 4). One major design of African American families is communalism, which is very important for effective functioning ( manse, 2010).antechamber (2010) describes African American families as having three family types. The first type is the cohesive-authoritative that is explained to be a family with high cohesion along with being supportive, nurturing, and involved with their children (Hall, 2010). The guerilla type of family is the conflictive-authoritarian that is defined as families with conflict and the parents are controlling, critical, and express gloo miness with children (Hall, 2010). The last type of family Hall (2010) explains is the defensive- neglectful, that did not like other racial groups and also did not teach their children to be proud of being an African American.One significant trend that has been determined about the African American family structure is that the more interconnected the family is, the lower the rate of clinical depression in African Americans (Hall, 2010). Based on these findings, a program called Strong African American Families has been created in order to strengthen the relationships betwixt parents and children. According to Hall (2010), The Strong African American Families program also has been found to prune pre teenager risky sexual behaviors, preadolescent alcohol use, and parental depression among African American families (p.95).This kind of program has been very effective in keeping families cohesive and helping to improve the goal of communalism. Language Generations of hardships enforc e on the African American conjunction created distinctive language patterns. Slave owners often designedly mixed people who spoke different African languages to discourage communication in any language other than side of meat. This, combine with prohibitions against education, led to the development of pidginsimplified mixtures of two or more languages that speakers of different languages can use to communicate.Examples of pidgins that became fully developed languages include Creole, common to Louisiana, and Gullah, common to the sea Islandsoff the coast of South Carolina and Georgia (Rydell, 2010). It is sad to think that slave owners intentionally put Africans with people who did not speak their language to discourage communication, but is have been searched and proven to be true. Slavery is not the only element to African American culture, and it often seems that when discussing African American culture slavery is the main topic. even so, when discussing language the centu ries of slavery that they endured have everything to do with the evolution of Afro-American language. Now that we have covered the origin of African American language we can discuss the American perspective of where modern day African American language stands, and how this effects the culture. African American vulgar English (AAVE)also called African American English less precisely dusky English, Black Vernacular, Black English Vernacular (BEV), or Black Vernacular English (BVE)is an African Americanvariety(dialect, ethnolect and sociolect) of American English.Non-linguists sometimes call it Ebonics(a term that also has other meanings or strong connotations) or jive or jive-talk. Its orthoepy is, in some respects, common to Southern American English, which is spoken by many African Americans and many non-African Americans in the United States. There is subaltern regional variation among speakers of AAVE. Several creolists, including William Stewart, John Dillard, and John Rickfo rd, argue that AAVE shares so many characteristics with Creole dialects spoken by black people in much of the world that AAVE itself is a Creole dialect while others hold back that there are no significant parallels.As with all lingual forms, its usage is influenced by age, status, topic and setting. There are many literary uses of this variety of English, particularly in Afro-American literature (Rydell, 2010). Of course this selective information does not imply that all African Americans speak a stochastic variable of AAVE, only that it is very common and prevalent throughout the modern day African American culture. Religion In the African American community religion plays an extremely significant role. The story of African-American religion is a tale of variety and creative fusion.Enslaved Africans transported to the New World beginning in the fifteenth century brought with them a wide range of local sacred beliefs and practices. This diversity reflected the many cultures and linguistic groups from which they had come. The majority came from the West Coast of Africa, but even within this area religious traditions varied greatly. Islam had also exerted a powerful presence in Africa for several centuries before the start of the slave trade an estimated twenty percent of enslaved people were practicing Muslims, and some retained elements of their practices and beliefs well into the nineteenth century.Preserving African religions in North America proved to be very difficult. The harsh circumstances under which most slaves livedhigh death rates, the separation of families and tribal groups, and the concerted effort of white owners to eradicate ethnic (or non-Christian) customsrendered the preservation of religious traditions difficult and often unsuccessful. Isolated songs, rhythms, movements, and beliefs in the curative powers of roots and the efficacy of a world of spirits and ancestors did survive well into the nineteenth century.Historically during t heir most difficult times the African American relied on their religious beliefs to endure. During the civil rights movement black churches were often the target of racial violence because that was a place that African Americans dog-tired most of their time. This was a place where they often held meetings to discuss their civil rights efforts. African Americans practice a number of religions, but Protestant Christianity is by farther the most prevalent. Some African and African American also appraise the Muslim and Judaism.According to Fife, Kilgour, Canter and Adegoke (2010), African spiritual traditions have historically held a central place in African American communalism (Mbiti, 1990) and were life-sustaining to survival during the time of slavery. In African and African American culture the concept of spirituality is inseparable from all other aspects of human experience. The spiritual and the physical are indistinguishable (Mbiti, 1990). A deep connection exists between hu mans, God, family, and group (Barrett, 1974).Spirituality is not compartmentalized into systematized beliefs and practices but woven into occasional experience (Boyd Franklin, 1989). The Black church is the primary means through which many African Americans express their religious and spiritual beliefs and values (Richardson & June, 1997). This institution is a central force in African American childhood and adolescent identity and helps to shape ideas about what comprises community. Many African American children have christen ceremonies for they can even walk or talk.African American families generally spend a substantial amount of time within their places of worship. Conclusion For review, the big questions the above research addressed were What are the primary cultural characteristics of this selected group? How do the characteristics of this group impact its experience as a subculture in American society? How might the cultural aspects of this group be applied to traditional mental theory? What are the implications of these characteristics for psychological theory and practice?We have found that the primary cultural characteristics of the African America culture are their history of slavery in America, distinct family and parenting practices, slavery based evolution of their language, and their dedicated religious beliefs. The characteristics of this group impact its experience as a subculture in American society by enticing others in to the culture and sparking curiosity around the world. African Americans make up a small percentage of the minority in America. However African American culture dominates the world of music, fashion, and professional sports.The cultural aspects of the African American group can be applied to traditional psychological theory when considering family dynamics, cultural perspectives, and how these aspects influence mental health. The implications of these characteristics for psychological theory and practice would focus on h ow the African American history of slavery in America influences their world view, how family and parenting practices mold their ideals of what a family should be, how religion influences their beliefs and actions, and how language distinguishes them from others and what psychological impact this has on them as a whole.For many years African-American culture developed separately from mainstream American culture, both because of slavery and the assiduity of racial discrimination in America, as well as African-American slave descendants desire to create and maintain their own traditions. Today, African-American culture has become a significant part of American culture and yet, at the same time, remains a distinct cultural body. References Fife, J. , McCreary, M. , Kilgour, J. , Canter, D. , & Adegoke, A. (2010). self-importance Identification Among African American and Caucasian College Students. College Student Journal, 44(4), 994. Retrieved from EBSCOhost.Hall, G. C. N. (2010). Mul ticultural psychological science (2nd ed. ). Upper Saddle River, NJ Pearson/Prentice Hall. Medium. (2011). First Things First. Retrieved from http//firstthings. org/page/research/african-american-family-facts New York Daily Tribune, March 9, 1859 reprinted in Hart, Albert B. , American History Told by Contemporaries v. 4 (1928). Retrieved from http//eyewitnesstohistory. com Rydell, R. J. , Hamilton, D. L. , & Devos, T. (2010). NOW THEY ARE AMERICAN, NOW THEY ARE non VALENCE AS A DETERMINANT OF THE INCLUSION OF AFRICAN AMERICANS IN THE AMERICAN IDENTITY. Social Cognition, 28(2), 161-179. Retrieved from EBSCOhost.

Contact Information Essay

Charlotte, NC (January 1, 2013) Johnson C. smith University is having a Whitney Houston allowance on February 20, 2013. The school sing along with hot seat Carter is organizing a beautiful tribute on campus. The tribute will be held in Biddle auditorium on that Wednesday.President Carter emailed students to find surface who wanted to volunteer for the event and receive community service hours. Johnson C. Smith University will be selling tickets as well.The prices are 2$ for JCSU students, and 5$ for everyone else. Special guests will be Mariah Carey, Brand, and Chris Brown. The event has been posted in topical anaesthetic charlotte area newspapers and it will also be discussed on the local news. President Carter said This event is a must see, I think myself and everyone who helped did an horrendous job. I suggest everyone come out and see this tribute. by and by the event Johnson C. Smith University will have viands sponsored by FDY food services. The food is free after admi ssion and drinks are free as well. There will also be an autograph signing from the exceptional guests after the event. Special guest Mariah Carey says Its ever so a amusement doing events like this. Anytime I can help, and give back, Im always willing to.

Jose Rizal

Definition of Measurement Measurementis the process or the result of ascertain theratioof a personal quantity rod, such as a length, time, temperature and so on , to a social whole of measurement, such as the meter, second or tip Celsius. The science of measurement is c tout ensembleedmetrology. The English wordmeasurementoriginates from theLatinmensuraand the verbmetiri with theMiddle Frenchmesure. destination http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Measurement Measurement Quantities *Basic Fundamental quantity recognize/s (Common) Quantity symbol/s SI unit of measurement appoint SI unit symbol belongings symbol Length, width, height, depth a, b, c, d, h, l, r, s, w, x, y, z metre m L sen tenner-spotce t second s T troop m kilogram kg M Temperature T, ? kelvin K ? sum ofsubstance, matter of breakwaters n mole mol N Electric current i, I deoxyadenosine monophosphate A I Luminous intensity Iv whoremongerdela Cd J weather sheet burthen ? , ? , ? , ? , ? , ? radian rad di mensionless Solid angle ? , ? steradian sr dimensionless Derived Quantities Space Common) Quantity name/s (Common) Quantity symbol SI unit Dimension (Spatial)position (vector) r,R,a,d m L Angular position, angle of rotation (can be treated as vector or scalar) ? ,? rad dimensionless Area, cross section A, S, ? m2 L2 sender argona(Magnitude of surface argona, directed normal totangential categoric of surface) m2 L2 Volume ? , V m3 L3 Quantity characteristic symbols Definition Meaning, us fester Dimension Quantity q q get along of a belongings q vagabond of change of quantity,Time derivative Rate of change of property with respect to time q T? 1 Quantity spatial minginess ? volume density (n= 3),? = surface density (n= 2),? = linear density (n= 1)No everyday symbol forn-space density, here? nis utilize. Amount of property per unit n-space(length, argona, volume or higher dimensions) qL-n Specific quantity qm Amount of property per unit people qL-n Molar quantity qn Amount of property per mole of substance qL-n Quantity gradient (ifqis ascalar field. Rate of change of property with respect to position q L? 1 ghostlike quantity (for EM waves) qv, q? , q? Two definitions are engagementd, for frequency and wavelength Amount of property per unit wavelength or frequency. qL? 1(q? )qT (q? ) Flux, run (synonymous) ? F,F Two definitions are usedTransport mechanics,nuclear physics/ componenticle physics Vector field Flow of a property though a cross-section/surface boundary. q T? 1L? 2, F L2 Flux density F Flow of a property though a cross-section/surface boundary per unit cross-section/surface area F incumbent i, I Rate of flow of property through a crosssection/ surface boundary q T? 1 latest density (sometimes called flux density in transport mechanics) j, J Rate of flow of property per unit cross-section/surface area q T? 1L? Reference http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Physical_quantityGeneral_derived_quantities http//en. wikipedia. org/ wiki/Physical_quantityBase_quantities System of Units Unit name Unit symbol Quantity Definition (Incomplete) Dimension symbol metre m length * genuine(1793)1? 10000000of the meridian through Paris between the North gage and the EquatorFG * flow(1983) The distance travelled by light in inanity in1? 299792458of a second L kilogram none 1 kg mass * Original(1793) Thegravewas defined as being the weight mass of wizard cubic decimetre of pure water at its frost point.FG * Current(1889) The mass of the International Prototype Kilogram M second s time * Original(Medieval)1? 86400of a day * Current(1967) The period of9 192 631 770periods of the radiation corresponding to the transition between the 2 hyperfine levels of the g wheel state of the caesium 133 atom T ampere A electric current * Original(1881) A tenth of the electromagnetic cgs system unit of current. The CGS emu unit of current is that current, flowing in an bend 1cm long of a circle 1cm in radius creates a field of one oersted at the centre. 37. IEC * Current(1946) The constant current which, if maintained in two straight collimate conductors of infinite length, of negligible circular cross-section, and determined 1m aside in vacuum, would produce between these conductors a force equal to 2 x 10-7newton per metre of length I kelvin K thermodynamic temperature * Original(1743) Thecentigrade scaleis obtained by assigning 0 to the freezing point of water and 100 to the boiling point of water. * Current(1967) The compute 1/273. 16 of the thermodynamic temperature of the triple point of water ? mole mol amount of substance * Original(1900) The molecular weight of a substance in mass grams. ICAW * Current(1967) The amount of substance of a system which contains as many elementary entities as there are atoms in 0. 012 kilogram of carbon 12. note 2 N candela cd luminous intensity * Original(1946)The value of the new candle is such that the lighter of the full radiator at the temperature of solidifica tion of platinum is 60 new candles per feather centimetre * Current(1979) The luminous intensity, in a given direction, of a source that emits monochromatic radiation of frequency 540? 012hertz and that has a effulgent intensity in that direction of 1/683 watt per steradian. J Reference http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/International_System_of_Units scientific Notation Scientific notation( more than comm scarce known asstandard form) is a way of writing patterns that are as well big or too small to be well-offly compose in tenfold form. Scientific notation has a descend of expedient properties and is usually used in calculators and by scientists, mathematicians and engineers.In scientific notation all numbers are written in the form of (atimes ten raised to the power ofb), where the indicantbis aninteger, and thecoefficientais any genuine number(however, seenormalized notationbelow), called thesignificandormantissa. The term mantissa whitethorn cause confusion, however, becaus e it can likewise identify to the disunitealpart of the commonlogarithm. If the number is negative then a minus sign precedesa(as in ordinary tenfold notation). -Converting numbers Converting a number in these cases means to either qualify the number into scientific notation form, convert it back into decimal form or to change the exponent part of the equation. None of these alter the actual number, but how its expressed. Decimal to scientific First, entreat the decimal cartridge remover point the required amount,n, to make the numbers value inside a desired range, between 1 and 10 for normalized notation. If the decimal was go to the left, appendx10n to the right,x10-n.To represent the number 1,230,400 in normalized scientific notation, the decimal separator would be moved 6 digits to the left andx106appended, resulting in1. 2304? 106. The number -0. 0040321 would stir its decimal separator shifted 3 digits to the right sort of of the left and yield? 4. 0321? 10? 3as a result. Scientific to decimal Converting a number from scientific notation to decimal notation, first off remove thex 10non the end, then shift the decimal separatorndigits to the right (positiven) or left (negativen). The number1. 2304? 06would have its decimal separator shifted 6 digits to the right and become 1 230 400, while? 4. 0321? 10? 3would have its decimal separator moved 3 digits to the left and be-0. 0040321. exponential function Conversion between different scientific notation representations of the same number with different exponential values is achieved by performing opposite trading operations of multiplication or division by a power of ten on the significand and an subtraction or addition of one on the exponent part. The decimal separator in the significand is shiftedxplaces to the left (or right) and 1xis added to (subtracted from) the exponent, as shown below. . 234? 103=12. 34? 102=123. 4? 101= 1234 Significant Figures The consequence(a) figures(also known a s momentous digits, and often shortened tosig figs) of a number are thosedigitsthat carry meaning contributing to its precision. This includes all digitsexcept * leadingandtrailing zeroswhich are merely placeholders to bode the scale of the number. * spurious digits introduced, for example, by calculations carried out to greater precision than that of the veritable data, or measurements reported to a greater precision than the equipment supports.Inaccuracy of a measuring device does not affect the number of substantial figures in a measurement do using that device, although it does affect the accuracy. A measurement made using a plastic ruler that has been left out in the sun or a beaker that unbeknownst to the technician has a few supply beads at the bottom has the same number of world-shattering figures as a evidentially different measurement of the same physical target area made using an unaltered ruler or beaker. The number of significant figures reflects the devices prec ision, but not itsaccuracy.The basic concept of significant figures is often used in connection withrounding. Rounding to significant figures is a more general technique than rounding tondecimal places, since it handles numbers of different scales in a uniform way. For example, the population of a city capacity only be known to the nearest thousand and be declared as 52,000, while the population of a land might only be known to the nearest million and be stated as 52,000,000. The condition might be in demerit by hundreds, and the latter might be in error by hundreds of thousands, but both have two significant figures (5 and 2).This reflects the fact that the importation of the error (its likely coat relative to the size of the quantity being measured) is the same in both cases. Computer representations offloating point numberstypically use a form of rounding to significant figures, but withbinary numbers. The number of worsen significant figures is closely related to the not ion ofrelative error(which has the proceeds of being a more close measure of precision, and is independent of the understructure of the number system used).The term significant figures can also refer to a crude form of error representation based some significant-digit rounding for this use, seesignificance arithmetic. The rules for identifying significant figures when writing or version numbers are as follows * All non-zero digits are considered significant. For example, 91 has two significant figures (9 and 1), while 123. 45 has fin significant figures (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5). * Zeros show anywhere between two non-zero digits are significant. Example 101. 12 has five significant figures 1, 0, 1, 1 and 2. Leading zeros are not significant. For example, 0. 00052 has two significant figures 5 and 2. * Trailing zeros in a number containing a decimal point are significant. For example, 12. 2300 has six significant figures 1, 2, 2, 3, 0 and 0. The number 0. 000122300 button up has onl y six significant figures (the zeros before the 1 are not significant). In addition, 120. 00 has five significant figures since it has three trailing zeros. This convention clarifies the precision of such numbers for example, if a measurement precise to four decimal places (0. 001) is given as 12. 23 then it might be still that only two decimal places of precision are available. Stating the result as 12. 2300 makes clear that it is precise to four decimal places (in this case, six significant figures). * The significance of trailing zeros in a number not containing a decimal point can be ambiguous. For example, it may not always be clear if a number like 1300 is precise to the nearest unit (and just happens coincidentally to be an exact multiple of a hundred) or if it is only shown to the nearest hundred due to rounding or scruple.Various conventions dwell to address this issue * Abarmay be placed over the last significant figure any trailing zeros succeeding(a) this are insi gnificant. For example, 1300 has three significant figures (and hence indicates that the number is precise to the nearest ten). * The last significant figure of a number may be underlined for example, 2000 has two significant figures. * A decimal point may be placed after the number for example 100. indicates specifically that three significant figures are meant. * In the combination of a number and aunit of measurementthe ambiguity can be voided by choosing a satisfactoryunit prefix. For example, the number of significant figures in a mass condition as 1300g is ambiguous, while in a mass of 13h? g or 1. 3kg it is not. Rounding away Numbers Roundinga numerical value means replenishment it by another value that is approximately equal but has a shorter, simpler, or more explicit representation for example, replacing ? 23. 4476 with ? 23. 45, or the fragment 312/937 with 1/3, or the expression v2 with 1. 414. Rounding is often done on purpose to obtain a value that is easier to w rite and handle than the original.It may be done also to indicate the accuracy of a computed number for example, a quantity that was computed as 123,456 but is known to be accurate only to within a few hundred units is better stated as about 123,500. On the other hand, rounding introduces someround-off errorin the result. Rounding is almost unavoidable in many computations specially when dividing two numbers inintegerorfixed-point arithmetic when cipher mathematical functions such assquare roots,logarithms, andsines or when using afloating pointrepresentation with a fixed number of significant digits.In a sequence of calculations, these rounding errors generally accumulate, and in certainill-conditionedcases they may make the result meaningless. Accurate rounding oftranscendental mathematical functionsis voiceless because the number of extra digits that take away to be calculated to resolve whether to round up or down cannot be known in advance. This line of work is known as the table-makers dilemma. Rounding has many similarities to thequantizationthat occurs whenphysical quantitiesmust be encoded by numbers ordigital signals. Typical rounding problems are pproximating an irrational number by a fraction, e. g. ,? by 22/7 approximating a fraction with periodic decimal involution by a finite decimal fraction, e. g. , 5/3 by 1. 6667 replacing arational numberby a fraction with smaller numerator and denominator, e. g. , 3122/9417 by 1/3 replacing a uncompletedecimal numberby one with fewer digits, e. g. , 2. 1784 dollars by 2. 18 dollars replacing a decimalintegerby an integer with more trailing zeros, e. g. , 23,217 people by 23,200 people or, in general, replacing a value by a multiple of a specified amount, e. . , 27. 2 seconds by 30 seconds (a multiple of 15). Conversion of Units Process The process of mutation depends on the specific situation and the intended purpose. This may be governed by regulation,contract,Technical specificationsor other pub lishedstandards. Engineering judgment may include such factors as * Theprecision and accuracyof measurement and the associateduncertainty of measurement * The statisticalconfidence legal separationortolerance intervalof the initial measurement * The number ofsignificant figuresof the measurement The intended use of the measurement including theengineering tolerances Some conversions from one system of units to another need to be exact, without increasing or decreasing the precision of the first measurement. This is sometimes calledsoft conversion. It does not involve changing the physical configuration of the degree being measured. By contrast, ahard conversionor anadaptive conversionmay not be precisely equivalent. It changes the measurement to convenient and workable numbers and units in the new system. It sometimes involves a meagrely different configuration, or size substitution, of the item.Nominal valuesare sometimes allowed and used. generation factors Conversion between units in themetric systemcan be discerned by theirprefixes(for example, 1 kilogram = 1000grams, 1 milligram = 0. 001grams) and are thus not listed in this article. Exceptions are made if the unit is commonly known by another name (for example, 1 micron = 10? 6metre). Table ordering Within each table, the units are listed alphabetically, and theSIunits (base or derived) are highlighted. - Tables of conversion factorsThis article gives lists of conversion factors for each of a number of physical quantities, which are listed in the index. For each physical quantity, a number of different units (some only of diachronic interest) are shown and expressed in terms of the corresponding SI unit. Legend Symbol Definition ? exactly equal to ? approximately equal to digits indicates thatdigitsrepeat infinitely (e. g. 8. 294369corresponds to8. 294369369369369) (H) of chiefly historical interest ASSIGNMENT IN PHYSICS I-LEC Submitted by Balagtas, Glen Paulo R. BS maritime Transportation-I Submi tted to Mrs. Elizabeth Gabriel Professor in Physics-LecJose RizalWrite a reflection paper study the development of Rizal as a crusader who began to work for changes in his inelegant using a) one (1) work from Rizal As A Reformist b) the Noli Me Tangere record also the significance of these works on Philippine society like a shot and how it can change todays trends. Pag-ibig sa Tinubuang Lupa by Dr. Jose P. Rizal (keyword warmth of country) Rizals Pag-ibig sa Tinubuang Lupa was written in 1882 when Rizal was 21 years old.Rizal was away in Spain for only a month, which may have inspired him to write this literature because he misses his homeland. This work of Rizal is a very significant work of Rizal as a reformist because it expresses his dear love for his native land. As he wrote this literature and felt his love for his country, he builds the foundation of him being a reformist because of the drive to fight for change. Through Pag-ibig sa Tinubuang Lupa, Rizal realizes how m uch he loves his country and that it has fall into the wrong governance and that this needs to be changed.Through the lines Maging anuman nga ang kalagayan natin, ay nararapat nating mahalin siya at walang ibang bagay na dapat naisin tayo kundi ang kagalingan niya (referring to Philippines) Rizal explicitly reveals his love for the country and expresses the importance to love and work for the betterment of our homeland. It can also be seen in these lines that even if he is out of the country studying, he testament do his part as a Filipino to fight for the rights of every Filipino.Today, this work of Rizal may serve as a reminder for all the people in this country that being a Filipino calls for a duty to serve our native land and associate citizens. If though Rizals work, Filipinos realize their duty as a citizen and love for their country, the Philippines would be a better place to live in and it would be easy to manipulate the society towards a growthive nation. Noli Me Tanger e by Dr. Jose P. Rizal Rizals well-known novel entitled Noli Me Tangere is one of his works that clearly expresses Rizal as a reformist.Rizal finished his first novel when he was at the age of 26 years old. The hero was penniless, good thanks to his friend Maximo genus Viola who supported him and shouldered the publication of this novel, the reason why we have a copy in our pass on. In this novel, Rizal conveys his belief that education is very historic and is an effective tool for reform in the country. Rizal was very brave to establish the issues in the Philippines such as corruption and oppression through the characters and storyline in his novel.The Noli Me Tangere was a very expressive move of Rizal to start the campaign for liberal reform for the country. In this book, Rizal shares his personal experiences at the harsh hands of the Spaniards, as well as experiences shared by his loved ones. Rizals brave soul to publish a novel containing these experiences and lessons, enco urages Filipinos to be perpetual is learning as he did. It again, boils down to his belief that education will strengthen ones principles in life and even clear-cut your world to the experiences of other people.Until today, Noli Me Tangere and its sequel El Filibusterismo serve as an intake for writers to express through literature any present issues in the society. It also evokes the idea of liberalism in such a way that Filipinos has become broad-minded to innovations and beliefs that will benefit the country. Most importantly, education is very well valued, as tool needed by every individual to help progress the country.

Sunday, February 24, 2019

How Trees Improve Environment

Trees are ancient living organisms that existed since the creation of the reality and direct been crucial to the Earths ecosystem. The age of a corner is determined by cambium, a layer of growing bark, which forms a mob in the wood of the shoetree. Each ring of cambium, tells the age of the tree. The climate stomach also determine how fast a tree grows. For instance, in alter climates, cambium only grows in the spring and summer. But there are some(prenominal) cases where you faecal matternot determine the age of trees, like the trees in a tropical come down forest.The cambium grows whole year round. Yet these trees do not have rings. therefore with proscribed the cambium rings, it is difficult to tell the age of these species trees. Since trees have an s As told in the Holy Bible, And the Lord God made all kinds of trees grow out of the groundtrees that were pleasing to the eye and good for food. In the middle of the tend were the tree of life and the tree of the knowledg e of good and evil. Just as is stated in the Bible, there are all kinds of trees, in all kinds of shapes and sizes.But how important are trees? If all the trees were removed from the Earth, what impact would this have on the environment? Determining the answers to these questions will be a tend in learning about the importance and value of trees in the ecosystem. Trees can have a positive effect on the climate, by blending the ground, trees cool off the Earths temperature. Strategically planting trees about air conditi iodiners, windows and the walls which receive the most sun will help in reducing energy costs.Normally, the best position to plant trees is on the west, east and south. It really depends on a specific geographical location. However, according to American Forests research, even urban cities get the benefit of cooler temperatures from trees within distances of 35 miles. In fact, American Forests research determined that trees saved approximately $2. 8 cardinal annua lly to Atlantas metro city as well as an annual savings for other metro areas across the United States.In addition, in 1991 a partnership between American Forests and the EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) along with other partners developed the Cool Communities program to provoke trees as energy conservation tools. This program was a great success. It helped to machinate the public on the ecological and economical importance of trees. But how do trees cleanse the air we breathe? Trees actually eat up the century dioxide that is emitted by cars, trucks and factories then releases oxygen (clean air) for us to breathe. Its almost like we use up them the carbon and they repay us with clean breathable air.The fact is one tree can take up 48lbs of carbon annually and at the same sentence release enough oxygen to support two human beings. An acre of trees absorb 2. 6 tons annually which is enough carbon dioxide to cover the emissions from a car that is driven 26,000 miles. It is safe to say that we can all upkeep in having pure breathable air just by planting one tree. The U. S. Forest Service states that during a period of 40 years (1952 to 1992) an estimated 309 million tons of carbon was removed by trees. This is another reason wherefore trees improve our environment.

Negative Effect of Video Games on Children Essay

The Negtive Effects of Video Gaming on Children Children taket have to buy an expensive period of go system to blowout exposure adventures any more(prenominal) than(prenominal), than keister simply log onto the internet through their home(a) computer or their handheld devices and they have an array of television setgames to train from. both clip a child pops a share vie television setgame into their gambling console or logs onto the internet to play so called interactive picture show games, they enter a virtual world where in that respect are no truly consequences for their actions. While performing violent picture games children throw out choose to play the violent roles of either car thieves or killers.The more cartridge h hoaryer a child falls playing video games the less time they turn over engaged in normal brotherly activities with their friends. When a child is intromited to hap hours a day playing video games, especially violent role playing gam es, they can cause them to twist violent, lovingly isolated, and depressed. head start someone role playing games allow children to identify with their character (Harding). The more time children spend as cleanup machines in the false tangibleity of the video gaming world, the more desensitized they break down to death and killing in the real world.Studies have shown the more time children spend playing violent video games, the more apparent they are to respond to real world situations with intrusion and violence (Gordon). A 2004 study published in the Journal of Adolescence be children, particularly teens, who played violent video games are more likely to become aggressive, confrontational, and see a decline in their academic military operation (Harding). Allowing children to play violent video games is not worth the risk they obtainChildren are exposed to enough violence through television without the protagonist of violent games offered to them over the internet and through popular video gaming systems. Video games do not only expose children to violence they allow them to engage in it through the violent roles they allow them to play. Many of the roles children play over the internet or through their game consoles simulate real world situations where they can steal and discharge with no consequences.Parents should not demand to read the results of a study for them to realize that allowing their hild to play violent roles in video games, where they kill and steal, will encourage violent behavior from them in the real world. During September 2009 in Ohio a sixteen year old boy named Daniel Petric was forbidden by his mystify from buying the new adaption of the violent video game Halo that he was obsessed with. later on being forbidden from buying the new version of the violent game Daniel snuck out of his house and bought it anyway. When Daniels father discovered he had disobeyed him, and bought the game, he took it away from him and locked it in his safety-deposit where he kept his gun.Later that selfsame(prenominal) night, sixteen year old Daniel unlocked his fathers lockbox to retrieve his game and found his fathers gun. After decision the gun Daniel went into his parents bedroom and shot both his father and mother in the killing them (Gordon). No one can order with absolute certainty that the video game Halo caused the boy to take in his parents. One thing is obvious, if the boys account of events are to be believed, the game played a huge factor in his descion to murder his parents that evening. Violent behavior unfortunately is not the only negative core group from children playing video games to often.A recent study by Douglas A Gentile, an associate professor of psychology at Iowa State University found that children who spend several hours a day playing video games are at risk to become wedded to them. Once a child becomes addicted to their video game, their addiction can cause them to become depressed, anxious, and have social problems including social isolation (Gilmore). If a child is spending several hours a day gaming they can very easily become depressed. When a child spends most of their day playing video games they do not engage in normal healthy physical activity with their friends.It makes experience that the more time a child spends isolated playing video games the more likely they are to become depressed. Children need to spend time interacting with their friends in order to develop normal social skills. When children isolate themselves playing videogames alone all day, they begin to lose their friends and social skills. Studies show that the low caused from children pathologically playing video games can be easily displace when they simply stop playing them (Frontelera). Douglas Gentile said, We found in children who started playing pathologically anxiety and depression got worse.And, when they stopped gaming the depression raise (qtd. in Gilmore). The idea that a llowing a child to play his or her dearie video game for a couple hours a day can lead them to social isolation may sound farfetched, unfortunately it is not. The more time a child spends playing video games the less lust they have for one on one human contact. Although, children have the faculty to interact with other players including their friends through the internet, their friends become part of the game itself and there is no real contact.Children need to spend time in social environments with their peers in order to learn and maintain the social skills they need to navigate through life. When a child loses his or her social skills they quickly become isolated and depressed. Their isolation and depression can lead them to identify themselves more with the character they are playing in their videogame than their own real life. First person role playing games allow children to identify with their character. Studies have shown the more time teenagers spend playing violent vid eogames at home the more likely they are to respond to real world situations with aggression and violence.A childs imagination is amazing and sometimes limitless, unfortunately it can become dangerous when they begin to imagine themselves stealing cars and murdering people opus playing first person role playing Videogames allow children to become kings and queens, or car thieves and murderers. Children can become so entranced by the different roles they play in the virtual worlds created for them through videogames that the line among the real world and the virtual one depicted in the video games they are playing becomes blurred. . Violent video games rewarded children for things like stealing cars and killing people.

Saturday, February 23, 2019

Wounds, Meds and Complex Care in Nursing Practice

1. The preoperative waitlist on what needs to be d ace to hook on cargon of a forbearing digest be found on the perseverings chart, usually under the doctors bon tons and/or the diligents nones. 2. The National Institute for Clinical Excellence recommends that linage establishs should be taken prior to having a surgery regardless of uncomplainings healthy condition, unless contraindicated. This is through to provide information about conditions that could print the treatment that a longanimous would need (Lab Tests Online, 2004). telephone line tests to be include in this routine preoperative testing are a lavish relationship conceive, blood coagulation tests, blood typing, blood gasses, blood glucose, and a sickle cell test (Lab Tests Online, 2004). A full blood count willing measure haemoglobin and the number of other types of cells in the blood (Lab Tests Online, 2004). Blood typing is for blood transfusion, in case needed. Blood clotting test to determine if bloo d clots normally and how long it takes to clot (Lab Tests Online, 2004). Blood gasses, measures the amount of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood, as well as its acidity, and blood glucose to check for diabetes.Sickle cell testing if the longanimous has attempt factors. 3. The registered nurse is responsible for reembrasureing every discrepancies in the lab results of the patient to the physician in charge. 4. Preoperative education should include orienting the patient with the surgery that she is going to go through. Ask what she understood from the physician and event her questions for further clarification. Afterwards, explain the patient what to expect during her recovery period, and what are her postoperative exercises.Also, enlighten the patient on the risks of post-op recovery like pulmonary embolus, DVT and UTI, and the practicable ways on how to avoid these, through deep breathing exercises and wearing away of anti-embolic stockings (University of South Australia, 2 000). Finally, inform her of what other procedures are to be done afterward the surgery, for example, utilization of catheters and IV therapy. 5. A preoperative shower employs the use of a 2% chlorhexidine gluconate polyester cloth in scrubbing the patients automobile trunk as a preventive preparation aimed at reducing the patients whittle colonization before the incision is made (Bjerke, 2001). . The anaesthesiologist is the one to administer the anaesthesia. 7. A general anaesthesia will keep back Mary unaware of what is happening during the cognitive operation, it will make her not feel anything, it will even ready her to sleep (Rashiq, 2007). Penthidine is the analgesic of choice postoperative to not feel spite (JBC Handbook, 1997).8. An epidural anesthesia anaesthesia is called an epidural block and requires the injection of anaesthetics in the epidural membrane that surrounds the spinal cord (Sarafino, 2006). Epidural blocks are most commonly administered during labo ur and delivery (Ameri shag Pregnancy Association, 2007). . Marking the legs preoperative is done traditionally by estimating the position of the hip joint by palpation of the greater trochanter (The, 2006). 10. Epidural infection, nerve damage, backache, headache and urinary retention (Faure, 2000). 11. a. Ensure patients tag is the same with her chart. b. make sure patient is not wearing any metals, jewelleries, etc. c. check out is certain about undergoing the operation d. ensure that patient has gone through all the necessary diagnostic tests e. ensure that patient is sedate on NPO. 12. The patients chart, diagnostic test results, patients consent.13. Vital sign assessment has to be done every 15 minutes for the first hour and peculiar(a) attention will be brought to the patients respiration, due to the anaesthesia, and circulation and protagonist of the extremities curiously in the affected areas. Output is also monitored. Patient still on NPO until anaesthesia wears off essencely. 14. No, this is a common postoperative effect. unfold monitoring siding. 15. Decrease in peeing output is common postoperative due to opioid drugs, immobility, and decreased oral intake (Merck, 2005). The physician may order Credes manoeuvre to be implemented and Betanechol can be administered (Merck, 2005). 6. Neurovascular checks are important to determine if there was nerve damage or internecine bleeding and a circulation problem, or even infection, which could have been caused by the surgery. The neurovascular check is comprised of the five Ps, namely ache, paralysis, paraesthesia, pulses, and pallor (Judge, 2007). Check for these in the patients limbs. 17. Loss of pedal pulses might mean lack of arterial flow (Judge, 2007). This should be describe immediately to the registered nurse or the physician, whoever is right away available.18. Any deviation from the normal baseline data regarding neurovascular checks should be reported immediately to the physician t o avoid amputation of the affected extremity. 19. Log roll patient with abductor hip in place. To prepare the patient, she should be placed on one side of the bed, and rolled like a log to the superior(predicate) side of the hip replacement. 20. A postoperative wash will make the patient feel comfortable and refreshed, also it will minimize infection. 21. Her pain might increase or decrease and this can signal a multifariousness in the source of pain. Also, the narcotics infusion roll can be changed if pain is lessened. 2. Two or more nurses to ensure that the correct rate is delivered. 23. As a student nurse, I cannot change infusion rates for narcotic pain relievers because I do not have the license yet that will make me accountable for any unpleasant consequence that might arise from the situation. Even under the rattling eye of my instructor, I cannot do it. 24. Narcotics have to be watched for their side effects, especially respiratory depression. Observations that can be n oted when a patient is with a narcotics infusion include clients respiratory rate, confusion and drowsiness (BP Cancer Agency, 2008).5. heparin injections are administered as a prophylaxis for blood clots (Science News, 1988). 26. Bleeding can be a complication of heparin use because it prevents clotting. Be wary of the interest signs black, tarry stools and bleeding from gums when brushing or flossing teeth, continued redness or pain after an injection, nosebleeds, red urine, unusual bruising coughing up blood (Drug Information Online, 2008). 27. Positive nitrate may indicate bacterial contamination, and traces of protein and blood are not alarming (Eccles Health Sciences Library, 2008).28. Yes. This is because catheter removal will help in eradicating any possible bacterial contamination. 29. A urine specimen should be sent for a culture and sensitivity test to determine what bacteria is infecting the patients urinary tract. Sample should be sent to the laboratory immediately. 30 . The needed equipment shall be gathered. After washing ones hands and explaining to the patient what procedure is to be done and what the principle behind it is, the drainage tubing directly below the aspiration port will be squeezeed with a rubber band or clamp (Integrated Publishing, 2007).This is to ensure that an adequate amount of urine for a specimen can be taken. A syringe will be used to elicit the urine specimen. After gathering enough urine, the clamp shall be removed. 31. Inserting an inseparable catheter requires that the equipment needed be gathered first. Then the procedure is to be explained to the patient. She should be placed in a dorsal recumbent position. Using the infertile technique, the patient should be draped with unproductive dressings. Sterile gloves will hence be worn.Catheter tip is to be lubricated and placed on the sterile catheter tray. The labia are to be separated with the thumb and forefinger and a crimp of a swab with sterile povidone-iodi ne shall be done from the meatus toward the rectum. This shall be done thrice discarding each swab after one swipe. Catheter is to be inserted 2 to three inches into the urethra, and an additional inch once there is urine flowing. aviate will be inflated once it is inside the bladder. Traction is mildly applied to the catheter and drainage is taped to Marys thigh. (Kaplan, 2007)32. To remove an intrinsic catheter, a small syringe is attached to the inflation port on the side of the catheter and all the fluid is drawn out (Moore et al, 2007). Afterwards, slowly line the catheter out (Moore et al, 2007). 33. Patients are on strict monitoring of fluid repose because they are receiving fluids through their IV therapies and postoperative patients are still weaning off from their anaesthesia, making urine retention a side effect. A positive fluid balance occurs when intake is greater than output, and a forbid fluid balance happens when intake is lesser than output.34. Fluid overload can bring about fluid and electrolyte imbalance, dysrhythmia, high blood pressure, non-pitting oedema, diarrhoea, projectile vomiting, among numerous others (Williams, 2008). Osmotic diuretics can be administered per doctors orders, patient should be on strict I&O, IV fluids should be checked hourly, fluids should be restricted (Williams, 2008). 35. The medications should also be reflected on the output of Mary if it is working. 36. total intake 500ml IVF + 2160 ml tea and Milo + 360ml water = 3020 total output 1400ml urination + bowel The patient is in a positive balance.

Techniques and Study Skills

Identify and describe techniques and consider skills t get into may conjure your own attainment 856 words Effective study skills must be practiced in order to improve. It is not enough to simply cypher slightly studying we have to actu all in ally do it, and in the forge pulmonary tuberculosis information from what we do to get better. In this essay we give identify and describe study skills and techniques which may enhance the learnedness aptitude of the person. The essay will include a description of study habits and preferable scholarship styles.And finally identification and description of techniques and study skills that may be helpful for a tertiary students study plan. advance study skills lead to better test- fetching skill and of course better grades. The study habits and skills, that personally help me succeed be many. Before starting, there should unendingly be an appropriate study environment. Personally that includes limited noise, a plenteousness of su nlight, hard surface to write and a comfortable furniture. The first misuse is to make summary notes, choosing the most important ideas from my text book or lecture notes.Then organize these ideas in to a summary. Divide the information in to ideas, spreading them all over the page and then stimulateing the descent between them, to achieve this flashcards, musical theme maps, flow charts or tables. Studding by victimization summary notes can help you memorize, develop problem solving strategies and succeed more knowledge. Having quiet music playing in the background is very(prenominal) useful for memorizing information to me. Physically touching objects helps me focus my state of mind when performing a task e. g. spinning the pen. Each of us is an individual, and we all learn and think in different ways. in that location are few breeding styles that fit every personality and benefit in their own way. There are many ways that an individual can approach and find which style wo rks best for them. According to Ward and Daley (1993, p. 59) V. A. R. K. is a unanalyzable test that consists of many question, which at the end can determine which reading style best suits your personality. V. A. R. K. simply standpoints for Visual, Auditory, Read/Write and Kinaesthetic. The one discipline style that mostly stands out and best suits me is kinaesthetic. Ward and Daley state hat kinaesthetic learners, learn best by doing hands on activities, in which they can physically manipulate something in order to learn about it. For example to teach someone something kinaesthetic people will lay out then let them have a go or when sense of hearing to a band they move in time with the music. According to Gilakjani (2012)people who use this style tend to lose concentration if there is little or no movement. When listening to lectures they may want to take notes for the sake of moving their hands. When reading, they like to scan the material first, and then focus in on the details.They take notes by drawing pictures, diagrams, or doodling. Although kinaesthetic is my main information style, there are former(a) styles that benefit me in remembering and reasonableness things. Visual and Interpersonal are the second and third highest styles that help with my eruditeness process. Visual learners remember best when colour, charts, diagrams or mind maps are winding in the study session. While interpersonal learners are highly well-disposed and love to be around people and participate in conclave activities. Interpersonal learners can understand someone by their mood, the way they stand or their intentions.Every person has different study skills and techniques that they use to help them with treat and acquire new information. The amount of study skills is immense from hand composing to setting goals. The following techniques and study skills are useful to my learning 1. Do something while studying Tap a pencil or do something that occupies my hands without decoming distracted. 2. Play music, when appropriate, during activities Tend to be less distracted by music while studying than other people. 3. Give frequent thin out breaks (brain breaks) break my study up into shorter periods, but also take shorter breaks.Regular 5 minute breaks can oftentimes be helpful to study remote more, because by getting enough rest helps my concentration and thinking calibre to improve. 4. Use flashcard simply write a question or topic suggestion on one side of a card, and the solution or a list of details they should remember on the other side 5. Study with other people enjoy discussion, talking with others is often a great way to consolidate what is learnt. In conclusion the learning style is the way we tend to learn best. It involves our preferred method of taking in, organizing, and making sense of information. Learning styles do not tell us bout a persons abilities or intelligence, but they can help us understand why some tasks seem easie r for us than others. There are several benefits of thinking about and trying to understand the learning preferences learning most effectively when the strategies used are closely matched with the preferred learning style we can improve learning by knowing what strengths and weaknesses are and then doing more of what is needed to achieve the goal different situations and learning environments require different learning strategies, so its best to have a large variety of techniques and study skills.REFERENCE Gilakjani, A. (2012, Vol. 2, No. 1). Visual, auditory, kinaesthetic learning styles and their impacts on English language teaching. Journal of Studies and Education. Ward, C. W. Daley, J. D. (1993), pp. 59. Learning to learn. Christchurch, New Zealand A & H Consultants Ltd.

Friday, February 22, 2019

KES- the film /movie

eon A kestrel for a rascal begins with a consciousness of promise, it short becomes urinate that the novel and film argon both in the long run nigh Billys defeat. Is sensation that I agree with. Its explores the alkali of desire In both a positive and negative manner. The listening learns that hope can be nurtured finished the support of adults and also when an psycheist has a goal they wish to attain.Yet, its abolished when a teenager is succumbed to despair collect to non beingness rendered with support, and shows the harsh human beings for many teenagers dwelling in want whereby they amaze the absence of hope. I reckon this book resonates with teenagers in a contemporary society, as adults can balk or go on teenagers dealings with adversely such as bullying, poverty, or family abuse. Also, It suggests that cod to the perils of life, teenagers may be deprived of hope when they realist that disregardless of their goals and determination, they may never succeed.As translucent in the stumble of the Kestrel which was Bilges only tooth root of hope notwithstanding adversities. The disputation While A Kestrel for a Knave begins with a sense of hope, it soon becomes clear that he novel and film ar both ultimately about Billys defeat. is one that I agree with. Its explores the basis of hope In both a positive and negative manner. The audience learns that hope can be nurtured through the support of adults and also when an individual has a goal they wish to attain.Yet, its abolished when a teenager is succumbed to despair payable to not being rendered with support, and shows the harsh reality for many teenagers dwelling in poverty whereby they experience the absence of hope. I believe this book resonates with teenagers in a contemporary society, as adults can hinder or raise teenagers dealing with adversities such as bullying, poverty, or family abuse. Also, It suggests that due to the perils of life, teenagers may be deprived of hope when they realist that regardless of their goals and determination, they may never succeed.As evident in the murder of the Kestrel which was Bilges only source of hope despite adversities. The statement While A Kestrel for a Knave begins with a sense of hope, it soon becomes clear that the novel and film are both ultimately about Billys defeat. is one that I agree with. Its explores he theme of hope in both a positive and negative manner. The audience learns that hope can be nurtured through the support of adults and also when an Individual has a goal they wish to attain.Yet, its abolished when a teenager is succumbed to despair due to not being rendered with support, and shows the harsh reality for many teenagers dwelling in poverty whereby they experience the absence of hope. I believe this book resonates with teenagers in a contemporary society, as adults can hinder or encourage teenagers dealing with adversities such as bullying, poverty, or Emily abuse. Also, it suggests that due to the perils of life, teenagers may be deprived of hope when they realist that regardless of their goals and determination, they may never succeed.As evident in the murder of the Kestrel which was Bilges only source of hope despite adversities. The statement While A Kestrel for a Knave begins with a sense of hope, it soon becomes clear that the novel and film are both ultimately about Billys defeat. is one that I agree with. Its explores the theme of hope in both a positive and negative manner. The audience learns that hope can be sis to attain. Yet, its abolished when a teenager is succumbed to despair due to not being rendered with support, and shows the harsh reality for many teenagers dwelling in poverty whereby they experience the absence of hope.I believe this book resonates with teenagers in a contemporary society, as adults can hinder or encourage teenagers dealing with adversities such as bullying, poverty, or family abuse. Also, it suggests that due to the peri ls of life, teenagers may be deprived of hope when they realist that regardless of their goals and determination, they may ever succeed. As evident in the murder of the Kestrel which was Bilges only source of hope despite adversities.The statement While A Kestrel for a Knave begins with a sense of hope, it soon becomes clear that the novel and film are both ultimately about Billys defeat. is one that I agree with. Its explores the theme of hope in both a positive and negative manner. The audience learns that hope can be nurtured through the support of adults and also when an individual has a goal they wish to attain. Yet, its abolished when a teenager is succumbed to despair due to not being endured with support, and shows the harsh reality for many teenagers dwelling in poverty whereby they experience the absence of hope.I believe this book resonates with teenagers in a contemporary society, as adults can hinder or encourage teenagers dealing with adversities such as bullying, pov erty, or family abuse. Also, it suggests that due to the perils of life, teenagers may be deprived of hope when they realist that regardless of their goals and determination, they may never succeed. As evident in the murder of the Kestrel which was Bilges only source of hope despite adversities.