Mumbai Slums Essay

An earthquake occurs when there is a sudden tucker of energy in the Earths crust that causes seismic waves. Earthquakes argon typically caused by opening of geological faults. They are however similarly caused by volcanic activity, landslides, mine blasts, and nuclear experiments. The effects of earthquakes are many a(prenominal) and far reaching. Earthquakes cause shaking and ground ruptures which resolvent in slight or sometimes more severe damage to buildings or opposite rigid structures.Earthquakes also results in landslides and avalanches, which sometimes causes damage in hilly and mountain areas. After an earthquake, the place can catch fire by breaking of the electrical power or gas lines. Because of the shaking, sometimes the brand liquefies, the loose saturated cohesion less soil loses its strength and temporarily transforms from a solid to a liquid read. Soil liquefaction causes firm structures wish well buildings and bridges to slant or sink into a liquefied sta te.Earthquakes result in loss of life, damage to property, fatal diseases, lack of basic necessities and it affects the fiscal and economical structure of the country. Some safety measures are used so that the government, individual and businesses can prepare themselves against this calamity. To reduce the damage, retrofitting techniques and modern earthquake disgusting designs of new buildings and lifeline structures like bridges, hospitals and power plants are used in earthquake prone areas.The emergency services under the local and state government ensure that the public is safe by dealing with the crisis. Individuals and businesses are encouraged by governments to have an earthquake kit and supplies for three long time at hand. As a result of an increase of the number of seismic stations today, the earthquakes are reported more than in the past, which help in the preparation process. Slums in Mumbai Slums always existed in Mumbai. In 19th century, slums grew close to mills an d other places of employment.Now they grow where ever there is desert space. Slum dwellers today cover 60% of Mumbais nation. The government try to rectify the problem in 1985 by passing the Slum Upgradation Project. regrettable the project tar flummoxed only 10-12% of the slum community, those who were able to of upgrade their homes. It ignored inhabitants in slums, those who did not have homes at all. In spite of all the attempts to retrieve the problem of slums in Mumbai, slums are still growing. The growth rate of slums is really greater than the growth rate of general urban.It is estimated that everyday 100 to ccc new families come to Mumbai. Most of them end up in a slum colony or just put up a shanty on the on the footpath. Due to migration, the citys population is increasing and with it the slums. These facts show that migration has to stop to cure the problem of slums. According to professor RN Sharma, (the head of the Urban Studies Unit in Tata Institute of friendl y Sciences), Mumbai, the city is unquestionably disintegrating into slums.A Jockin of SPARC, (the NGO that works for slums) utter that the replacement process is the only solution to the problem of slums in Mumbai. He said This talk about Mumbai having predominantly slums is rubbish. Already 67 per cent of slums on railway land have been re-settled. The airport project and the rehabilitation confining Mithi River is also happening at a good pace. These figures of slum population rising is not true. Former housing minister nabob Mallik also agreed that rehabilitation is a best way to get rid of slums. References Earthquake.(2007, November 4). Retrieved November 5, 2007 from World blanket(a) Web http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Earthquake Juneja, Saakshi. (2006, January 9). Mumbai Slums. Retrieved November 5, 2007 from the World Wide Web http//mumbai. metblogs. com/archives/2006/01/mumbai_slums. phypertext markup language Slums. Retrieved November 5, 2007 from the World Wide Web htt p//www. macalester. edu/courses/GEOG61/espencer/slums. html Slums The order of the Problem. Retrieved November 5, 2007 from World Wide Web http//theory. tifr. res. in/bombay/amenities/housing/slum-stats. html