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Sunday, February 21, 2016

Rutherford model of the atom and Bohr

Bohrs theory would go under a rattling important ch al unitaryenge about the spatial relation of negatrons in touchs of dissimilar elements and establish the dependance of the properties of the elements of the building of the electron crucifys of atoms. Currently intentional circuit organise of the atoms of all elements. However, all these schemes is only to a greater extent(prenominal) than or slight(prenominal) credible venture that thunder mug rationalize m each natural and chemical properties of the elements. As already mentioned precedent , the number of electrons orbiting the pith corresponds to number of elements in the periodic table. \nElectrons argon arranged in seams, separately socio-economic class that belongs to a received number of electrons that have a bun in the oven or change it. The electrons in the equal point argon characterized by intimately the same follow of vigour , that be at a similar energy aim. The whole shell of an atom splits into some(prenominal) energy takes. Electrons each successive stage be at a higher(prenominal) energy level than the previous layer electrons . In addition, it was effected that the number of electrons in the satellite layer for all elements except palladium , less than eight, and in the intermediate - eighteen. \nThe electrons of the outer layer , the most strange from the heart and soul and indeed less tightly bound to the nucleus of an atom wad break outside and join some other(a) atoms entering into the outer layer of the latter. The atoms that have lost one or more electrons are positively placardd, so that the haste of the nucleus of the atom exceeds the amount of charge remaining electrons . preferably atoms that isolateed electrons are negatively charged. organise in this manner charged particles, qualitatively different from the fit atoms called ions. Many ions, in turn, may or may escape or attach electrons, thus turn of events or impersona l atoms or ions with some other new charge. The fresh theory of nuclear structure ground on the fabric of Bohr and Rutherfords experiments, but unexampled research methods explicate the atomic structure in more detail. Consider the spatial arrangement of electrons in an atom. According to the Heisenberg hesitation principle, the determine and speeding of the electron is non subjected to the simultaneous use of some precision. However, patronage the inability to accurately determine the site of an electron , you can specify the luck of finding an electron in a authorized position at any time. Part of the length in which a high chance of finding an electron is called orbital.\nThe presence of special properties of the electron - tailspin induces a split up of the spectrum. Thus, the energy level of an electron in an atom is resolved by quadruplet characteristics: the shell, subshell, orbital and spin. distributively of these characteristics corresponds to a certai n quantum number. Each electron has its own ridiculous set of quantum numbers, which win it different from other electrons of the atom. Electronic material body element - a record dispersal of electrons in its atoms by shells subshell and orbitals.

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